浙江大学中国农村发展研究院
摘要：该文主要使用农村固定观察点数据，通过使用工具变量方法（以方言异质性作为工具变量），考察了农民工跨省（长距离）流动带来的健康效应。结果显示，与不流动以及省内（短距离）流动的农民工相比，跨省流动使得农民工的自评健康状态下降了3%左右。同时，如果仅仅比较跨省流动农民工与省内流动农民工，前者的自评健康状态依旧更低；而跨省流动农民工与非流动者之间的健康差异不显著。本文进一步通过两个机制对该结论做了相应解读：（1）跨省流动带来的收入提升效应起着重要的正面作用；（2）跨省流动更容易暴露于高危环境，对健康带来较大的负面效应，并且超过了收入效应。该结论同时与基于性别差异的发现有所关联：相较于女性，男性更有可能在高危行业工作；同时跨省流动带来的负面健康效应对男性而言更为明显，这在一定程度上为行业效应的主导作用提供了侧面证据。
Using panel data from a survey conducted by the Research Center for Rural Economy, this study overcomes the selection bias associated with most health status measures by incorporating dialect proximity as an instrumental variable to evaluate the causal effects of interprovincial migration on individuals' health status in China. The results indicate that, compared to an absorbed category, which includes intraprovincial migration and non-migration, interprovincial migration worsens health (measured by the self-reported health status score) by 3%. It is also found that, compared to intraprovincial migrants, interprovincial migrants are more likely to report a lower SHS score, whereas the health effect differences between interprovincial migrants and non-migrants are insignificant. The study identifies two potential mechanisms that explain this result: (i) The increase in income following migration may improve interprovincial migrants' health, and (ii) the exposure to hazardous working environments worsens health to a significant extent. This finding is also linked to the following gender-related finding: Compared to women, men are more likely to be employed in heavy industries with hazardous working environments; the negative effects of interprovincial migration on the health status are stronger for men than for women migrants, suggesting that the industry effect dominates.
原文链接：https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hec.4468?af=R
《Health Economics》2021年12月（录用并在线上发表）
